Korean Christianity Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Korean Christianity Paper - Essay Example However, the strength of the influence in the clergy, which was once a driving factor in moving the people, now lay down at the side, and materialism as well as influences from other cultures has taken over. Prior to being divided into the south and the north, Korea was once a single nation, being ruled by s single government. Around the 1880’s foreign missionaries started to enter the nation, but was not readily accepted by the people due to various conflicts in their teachings as well as the already present traditions in Korea (Lee 117). Moreover, only some of the educated elite which had the chance to study in Japanese or American universities were successfully converted to Christianity. Common folk, called minjung were still worshipping their ancestors and offering them food and wine, among others, which has been the norm for more than a thousand years (Oak 1). Thus the conversion of Koreans during the start of the 20th century was rather slow and limited. The conversion f rom the pagan religions of the masses and the Confucian and Buddhist principles in the upper class society of Korea was not an easy task. Foreign missionaries did not have an idea that deeply-rooted religions associated with ties to families and ancestors would be hard to break, and converts would have to face ostracism from their families or suffer severe torture or death (Oak 5). Many Koreans also see the conversion as a strong political force that yearns to topple the government, thus many oppose to being converted. Most of the elite that were sent to Japan, the United States or any other country either as a diplomat, a scholar, or exiled were easily converted to Christianity, but their ideals were not easily accepted by many, and people would rather cling to old traditions than lose their families in the process (6). However, after the great depression of the 1920’s and the continuing struggle for independence after being annexed by Japan, Protestant Christianity was prom ulgated by many of the movement’s leaders and revolutions regarding the economic and political reform ensued (118). The association of Korean pride, self-sufficiency and nationalism was spearheaded by a Presbyterian Elder named Cho Man-sik, which was a man with a lot of experience regarding teachings in Christianity, governing a school, and law (Wells 828). In order to initiate the economic stability of Korea (which was struggling due to low wages as well as dependence on Imperial Japan), Cho lived in simple house and worn traditional clothing suited for heavy work, among others. Becoming the symbol for New Korea, Cho held seminars and rallies to push the rest of the nation to become self-governing and self-sufficient (829). Making the people move was something that the socialists were not able to do alone. Protestant Christianity as a religion took its own course and development as well as the integration into the lives of the common folk through the subtle intermingling wit h pagan traditions. Initially, Korean Protestantism was not iconoclastic and sacral in nature, but due to the strong ties of shamanism and other pagan religions, it eventually evolved as such. Also, since the presence of sacred artifacts, people and places was already being practiced, these influenced how converted people worshipped in their faith (Lee 8). And since the lower classes, or minjung were easily converted into Christianity due to the adaptation of old customs, there was an explosion of

Citizenship - Account of activity during work experience Essay Example for Free

Citizenship Account of activity during work experience Essay My Citizenship coursework will be based on the rights and responsibilities of employees and their employers in the workplace. The aim of the coursework is to produce a report explaining the health and safety rules on my work experience placement. This is a citizenship activity because it looks closely at important rights. It will also look at my roles, and those of others, during the activity. I have chosen my work experience place because this will give me the opportunity to get an experience and will make me or introduce me to the world and get vital points on how to develop my life skills towards working. The placement that I have been given is not close to my house but I am willing to work hard and grab this opportunity. I am also interested in the financial market and promoting of products and Ill learn from this. I went for my work experience to Comet Stores. My work experience was for a two week period staring on the 6th of June 2005 and ending on the 16th of June 2005. The area that I was allocated for the work experience was in Fosse Park, which is near the outer ring of the city near to the motorways. Comet Stores is a well-known brand, which sells household electronic devices. The placement that I was in was the biggest store in the city. The complex comprised of two floors namely the sales floor (which was the first floor) and the warehouse, which was the second floor. Before attending the work placement I had to phone up and book an interview with the manager in charge of the store. A week after the phone call was the date of my interview. In the interview I was told the basics about the company such as start and finish times, the dress code and passwords to enter the staff room. I was told that at the first day of my work experience I would be told in more detail about my individual and team tasks. At the start of the first day of my work experience I was feeling anxious as well as nervous. This was the first time I would be entering a working environment. At the start of the day I was taken by the manager for an assembly. I was told to report to the designated area where each person would be given a briefing each morning. A gentleman named Chris was to look after me for the first day. He was in charge of the warehouse stock and was very helpful. He gave me some advice and told me many people have visited the store for work experience and that the store will challenge my ability individually and with a team. The manager had told Chris to take me to the boardroom where I was shown Health and Safety videos that were made by the store. After each key fact Chris would explain to me what it meant, how it concerned the store and asked me if I had any questions. I was also given additional leaflets on Health and safety in the building such as the fire exits and where the fire extinguishes were. I was given a wide range of activities during work experience. The main task I was given for the first few days was to pack and check the shelves. This consisted of me checking the availability of the stock, ordering the stock from the warehouse if it had run out and then packing the shelves with the item. I was also given the chance to analyze the security system of the work place and told how to alarm and disable the alarm system. I was put on my first test with this task, as I had to wire all the flat screen monitors in a sequence to alarm the security if any person may try to take the item. I had noticed as the days went on the store gave me different and more tasks to do which would challenge my ability. I was promoted to assisting the sales staff and to analyze the way in how the sales person would work. This task was to communicate with the public and gave a lot of confidence. I was also placed in the warehouse where I was given a lot of responsibility. I was asked to check the stock, the handling of goods, taking orders and also using the elevator belt, which I was given a Health and Safety guide to. The elevator belt could go upward towards the warehouse and when giving items to the sales floor going downwards. Special buttons were needed for this and great care was needed. All the staff members assisted me but as I was put on different jobs there was different staff members that would help me. As I was on the warehouse level the elevator belt had suddenly come to a halt. As I was not a technician I had asked from a member of staff from the warehouse level. He kindly came and tried to help me but could not fix the problem. As a result he sent a technician to come and assist. The problem was sorted and both members of staff assisted me when I asked for some help. Whilst on the placement I had learnt a lot about rights and responsibility of employers and their employees. I was given a sheet, which told me all the rights.

Coal Mining and Its Impacts Essay -- Coal Dangers Mines Essays Papers

Coal Mining and Its Impacts Coal is a hard, black colored rock-like substance. It is made up of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and varying amount of sulphur. Coal was form as decomposition took place in the absence of oxygen and much of the hydrogen content of the matter was eroded away, leaving a material rich in carbon. The material was compressed over the years by sand and dirt, leaving the form of a carbon known as coal. The different types of coals are Anthracite, bituminous, lignite, peat, coke, and charcoal. Coal is mined out of the ground and used to produce energy. However, they are many deaths, injuries, and sickness involved in mining coal. The earliest known use of coal was in China. Coal from the Fun-Shun mine in northeastern China may have been used to smelt copper as early as 3,000 years ago. Since then there have been several deaths and injuries in mining coal. â€Å"In 1966, an unstable waste tip from the Merthyr Vale mine in Wales released an avalanche of sludge over the village of Aberfan, engulfing not only houses but the primary school, killing 114 children†( Boyle, Everett, & Ramage p. 165). In Britain in the mid-nineteenth century it was estimated that one in every miners would face a fatal accident before completing their mining career. â€Å"1913 saw Britain’s worst mining disaster, with 439 miners killed in an explosion at the Senghenydd mine in Walse†( Boyle, Everett, & Ramage p. 165). It is important to note that the work of a coal miner is one of the most dangerous occupations in the world. The life expectancy of a miner is very low. Mining coal involves going underground to remove coal on to conveyor belts. The deeper the miners go the higher the potential for a disaster becomes.... ...use surface mining which uses machine instead of people to extract coal. The coal companies could provide incentive to workers that suffer from pneumoconiosis. Protective clothing and face mask could also be enhancing to ensure workers safety in coal mining. With government policies and public support the fatalities involved with mining coal could decrease within the next few years. Reference Page Boyle, G., Everett, B. & Ramage, .J. (2003) Energy System and sustainability. United Kingdom: Open University Energy Matters(2003) Energy Matters: Fossil Fuels-coal. Retrieved February, 8, 2007. From http://library. Thinkquest.org Zou CQ, Gao Y, Ma Y. (1997). Pneumoconiosis in China: Asian-Pacific News Letter on Occupational Health and Safety. Retrieved February, 8, 2007, From http://www. China/pneumoconiosis.org Coal Mining and Its Impacts Essay -- Coal Dangers Mines Essays Papers Coal Mining and Its Impacts Coal is a hard, black colored rock-like substance. It is made up of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and varying amount of sulphur. Coal was form as decomposition took place in the absence of oxygen and much of the hydrogen content of the matter was eroded away, leaving a material rich in carbon. The material was compressed over the years by sand and dirt, leaving the form of a carbon known as coal. The different types of coals are Anthracite, bituminous, lignite, peat, coke, and charcoal. Coal is mined out of the ground and used to produce energy. However, they are many deaths, injuries, and sickness involved in mining coal. The earliest known use of coal was in China. Coal from the Fun-Shun mine in northeastern China may have been used to smelt copper as early as 3,000 years ago. Since then there have been several deaths and injuries in mining coal. â€Å"In 1966, an unstable waste tip from the Merthyr Vale mine in Wales released an avalanche of sludge over the village of Aberfan, engulfing not only houses but the primary school, killing 114 children†( Boyle, Everett, & Ramage p. 165). In Britain in the mid-nineteenth century it was estimated that one in every miners would face a fatal accident before completing their mining career. â€Å"1913 saw Britain’s worst mining disaster, with 439 miners killed in an explosion at the Senghenydd mine in Walse†( Boyle, Everett, & Ramage p. 165). It is important to note that the work of a coal miner is one of the most dangerous occupations in the world. The life expectancy of a miner is very low. Mining coal involves going underground to remove coal on to conveyor belts. The deeper the miners go the higher the potential for a disaster becomes.... ...use surface mining which uses machine instead of people to extract coal. The coal companies could provide incentive to workers that suffer from pneumoconiosis. Protective clothing and face mask could also be enhancing to ensure workers safety in coal mining. With government policies and public support the fatalities involved with mining coal could decrease within the next few years. Reference Page Boyle, G., Everett, B. & Ramage, .J. (2003) Energy System and sustainability. United Kingdom: Open University Energy Matters(2003) Energy Matters: Fossil Fuels-coal. Retrieved February, 8, 2007. From http://library. Thinkquest.org Zou CQ, Gao Y, Ma Y. (1997). Pneumoconiosis in China: Asian-Pacific News Letter on Occupational Health and Safety. Retrieved February, 8, 2007, From http://www. China/pneumoconiosis.org Coal Mining and Its Impacts Essay -- Coal Dangers Mines Essays Papers Coal Mining and Its Impacts Coal is a hard, black colored rock-like substance. It is made up of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and varying amount of sulphur. Coal was form as decomposition took place in the absence of oxygen and much of the hydrogen content of the matter was eroded away, leaving a material rich in carbon. The material was compressed over the years by sand and dirt, leaving the form of a carbon known as coal. The different types of coals are Anthracite, bituminous, lignite, peat, coke, and charcoal. Coal is mined out of the ground and used to produce energy. However, they are many deaths, injuries, and sickness involved in mining coal. The earliest known use of coal was in China. Coal from the Fun-Shun mine in northeastern China may have been used to smelt copper as early as 3,000 years ago. Since then there have been several deaths and injuries in mining coal. â€Å"In 1966, an unstable waste tip from the Merthyr Vale mine in Wales released an avalanche of sludge over the village of Aberfan, engulfing not only houses but the primary school, killing 114 children†( Boyle, Everett, & Ramage p. 165). In Britain in the mid-nineteenth century it was estimated that one in every miners would face a fatal accident before completing their mining career. â€Å"1913 saw Britain’s worst mining disaster, with 439 miners killed in an explosion at the Senghenydd mine in Walse†( Boyle, Everett, & Ramage p. 165). It is important to note that the work of a coal miner is one of the most dangerous occupations in the world. The life expectancy of a miner is very low. Mining coal involves going underground to remove coal on to conveyor belts. The deeper the miners go the higher the potential for a disaster becomes.... ...use surface mining which uses machine instead of people to extract coal. The coal companies could provide incentive to workers that suffer from pneumoconiosis. Protective clothing and face mask could also be enhancing to ensure workers safety in coal mining. With government policies and public support the fatalities involved with mining coal could decrease within the next few years. Reference Page Boyle, G., Everett, B. & Ramage, .J. (2003) Energy System and sustainability. United Kingdom: Open University Energy Matters(2003) Energy Matters: Fossil Fuels-coal. Retrieved February, 8, 2007. From http://library. Thinkquest.org Zou CQ, Gao Y, Ma Y. (1997). Pneumoconiosis in China: Asian-Pacific News Letter on Occupational Health and Safety. Retrieved February, 8, 2007, From http://www. China/pneumoconiosis.org

Gas Laws Lab Essay

Introduction: The four basic physical properties of a gas sample are pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles. The volume simply indicates the volume of the container since a gas will take up all space available to it. The temperature indicates the average kinetic energy of the gas particles. For gases, the temperature must be converted to the Kelvin unit. The pressure of the gas indicates the number of collisions with each other and the wall of the container. The number of moles indicates the amount of gas particles. Gases do not have a definite shape of volume. Gases spread out into their container and occupy the entire volume available, which means they are free to move around and have large amounts of empty space. In many chemical reactions, gases are produced; for example, reactions involving metal carbonates that react with an acid produce gaseous carbon dioxide. Objective: To determine the volume of gas produced from a reaction between a metal carbonate and acid and to determine the identity of an unknown carbonate salt. Pre-Lab Questions: 1. If you increase the temperature what happens to the speed of the particles? Explain. 2. What is the formula to convert Celsius temperature to Kelvin? a. Â °C+273.15=K 3. What are the standard conditions for a gas? Are you at standard conditions in the lab? 4. Boyle’s Law – The principle that the volume of a given mass of an ideal gas is inversely proportional to its pressure, as long as temperature remains constant. Boyle’s law is a subcase of the ideal gas law. P1V1 = P2V2 Charles’ Law – The law of volumes. The volume of a fixed amount of gas at constant pressure is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature of the gas. (Temperature must be in Kelvin). V1T1= V2T2 V/T = K V1T2 = V2T1 Gay-Lussac’s Law – Pressure is directly proportional to temperature if the volume is constant. P1/T1 = P2/T2 5. What is the Ideal Gas Law in formula form? What is the value for the proportionality constant with units? Why are those units so important? b. PV = nRT c. C = PV / T 6. Write the balanced equations for CaCO3, BaCO3, Li2CO3, and Na2CO3 reactions with hydrochloric acid. 7. Calculate the molar mass of these same four metallic carbonates. LiCo3 = mass/mole; 3.0036g/0.0344 mol = 87.31 g/mol Materials/Equipment: * 3.0 M HCl (aq) * 5 ml graduated cylinder * Balloon String * Scissors * Weighing paper * 3g of unknown #2 carbonate salt * Funnel Procedures: First measure out 5ml of 3.0 M HCl into the graduated cylinder and weigh 3 g of the unknown carbonate salt. Using the funnel, pour the unknown carbonate salt into the balloon and put the open end of the balloon over the graduated cylinder and secure with a string. It is important to make sure the string is very tight to prevent the gas from leaking. Empty the contents of the balloon into the graduated cylinder that contains the 3.0 M HCl. After the gas fills the balloon, use a string and measure the circumference of the balloon.| Observations:Carbonate is limiting reactant.| Conclusion: Based upon our experiment, equations, and calculations that our unknown Carbonate Salt for Unknown # D was Li2CO3 – Lithium Carbonate. There could be a number of factors that could have caused us to receive an 18.1% error. How we held the balloon when tipping it over the acid could greatly affect the radius of our balloon.

Advantages of Strategic Intent Thinking Essay

Introduction Though strategic intent thinking and strategic planning aim at one thing, they are quite different from one another. The former involves development and application of high-level and unique business strategies with the aim of attaining competitive advantage for the firm. Strategic intent helps firms to focus on new capabilities to tap future opportunities. The notion is internally focused and has serious implications on how a business competes. The process is characterized by broad and long-term target, and relates sense of urgency as well as lengthens attention.   The major purpose of strategic intent is to help organizations share a common intention in order survive business competition and adapt to changes in the business world. Strategic planning is defined by (Miztberg, 1994) as an analysis of business operations. The analysis involves breaking business goals into manageable parts, designing how steps are implemented and estimating the anticipated outcomes of each goal. According to this definition, the process elaborate goals and strategies that already exist. Strategic planning supports strategies that have been developed through strategic thinking. The two processes aims at raising the performance of the firm. However, they have significant differences. Strategic intent thinking is intent focused. It allows managers and all other stakeholders to commit themselves for as long as a certain strategy works. When applied to Costco Company, it can be noted that Costco employees are well  Ã‚   paid, which eliminates workers turnover. This means that the employees at Costco are motivated to ensure strategy works no matter the time it takes. Strategic intent thinking takes into consideration the past, the present and the future, unlike strategic planning which considers the future only. This means that strategy should not be driven by the future intent alone. The gap between today and tomorrow is very important when devising a business strategy. In addition to this, strategic intent think is responsive to business opportunities. This means that managers who employ this system of thinking are able to identify future opportunities and prepare to take them. Costco seems to employ this strategy. The company managers anticipate its sales to rise by 2017 because of the increased use of the internet. Internet continues to create new demand for goods and services. This means that Costco must revise its goals and missions to tap the demand being created by the use of the internet. According to( DeGeus ,1988) the traditional view of strategy emphasizes on the degree to which a business fits between current opportunities and existing resources while strategic intent brings misfit between ambitions and resources.   He further argues that the process requires a number of people who should understand their organization’s work. This way, they will be able to think strategically and work towards achieving organizational goals. Back to our case study, it can be noted that Costco understands that a business does not operate in vacuum.   With this in mind, Costco strives to conserve the environment by reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This is one way of cutting down operational costs, and can help the company achieve a competitive advantage. On the other hand, Costco pays its employees more salary than the industry average. This way, Costco is able to operate at serene environment, which has no disruptions such as strikes. References DeGeus, A. P. (1988, March/April). Planning as learning. Harvard Business Review, 70-74. Mintzberg, H. (1994). The fall and rise of strategic planning. Harvard Business Review, 107-114.

John H. Ostrom - A Profile of the Famous Paleontologist

John H. Ostrom - A Profile of the Famous Paleontologist Name: John H. Ostrom Born/Died: 1928-2005 Nationality: American Dinosaurs Discovered or Named: Deinonychus, Sauropelta, Tenontosaurus, Microvenator About John H. Ostrom Nowadays, pretty much all paleontologists agree that birds descended from dinosaurs. However, that wasn’t the case in the 1960s, when John H. Ostrom of Yale University was the first researcher to propose that dinosaurs had more in common with ostriches and swallows than with snakes, turtles and alligators (to be fair, the heavyweight American  paleontologist Othniel C. Marsh, who also taught at Yale, had proposed this idea in the late 19th century, but he didnt have enough evidence at his disposal to carry the weight of scientific opinion). Ostroms theory about the dinosaur-bird evolutionary link was inspired by his 1964 discovery of Deinonychus, a large, bipedal raptor that displayed some uncannily birdlike characteristics. Today, its (pretty much) an established fact that Deinonychus and its fellow raptors were covered with feathers, not a popular image a generation ago, and one that even current dinosaur enthusiasts have difficulty accepting. (In case you were wondering, those Velociraptors in Jurassic Park were really modeled after the  much bigger  Deinonychus, disregarding the fact that they were portrayed with green reptilian skin rather than feathers.) Fortunately for him, Ostrom lived long enough to learn about the trove of indisputably feathered dinosaurs recently discovered in China, which cemented the dinosaur-bird connection. When he discovered Deinonychus, Ostrom opened the dinosaur equivalent of a hornets nest. Paleontologists werent used to dealing with muscular, man-sized, predatory dinosaursas opposed to familiar, multi-ton carnivores like Allosaurus or Tyrannosaurus Rexwhich prompted speculation about whether an ostensibly cold-blooded reptile could engage in such energetic behavior. In fact, Ostroms student Robert Bakker was the first paleontologist to forcefully propose that all theropod dinosaurs were warm-blooded, a theory thats currently on only slightly shakier ground than the dinosaur-bird connection. ​By the way, he wasnt responsible for either discovering or naming this dinosaur, but the type species of Utahraptor (U. ostrommaysorum) was named after John Ostrom and Chris Mays, a pioneer in animatronic dinosaurs.

The Internet Essays (1724 words) - Internet Protocols, Free Essays

The Internet Essays (1724 words) - Internet Protocols, Free Essays The Internet The Internet: How it Works and How it Effects the World Many people do not understand what the Internet is the power that it has over the world. The Internet is an extraordinary learning and entertainment tool that, when used properly, can significantly enhance a user's ability to gather information. Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) started the Internet. It was a project under taken by the Department Of Defense (DOD) in 1969. It started as an experiment to link together DOD and military research including Universities doing military-funded research. The reliable networking part involved dynamic rerouting. (Levine 12) If one of the computers was under enemy attack, the information could be automatically transferred to other links. Fortunately, the Net is not usually under enemy attack. The ARPANET was very successful, and every university in the country wanted to sign up. Because so many people wanted to use the Net, ARPANET started getting hard to manage, especially with many university sites on it. Therefore, it was broken into two parts: MILNET, which had all the military sites, and ARPANET, which had all the nonmilitary sites. The two networks remained connected, however, thanks to a technical scheme called IP (Internet Protocol), which enabled traffic to be routed from one net to another as needed. All the networks connected by IP in the Internet speak IP, so they can all exchange messages. (Levine 12) Even though there were only two networks at that time, IP was made to allow thousands of networks. The IP is designed so that every computer on an IP network is compatible. That means any machine can communicate with any other machine. The Internet, also called the Net, is the world's largest computer network. The Internet is the network of all networks. (Levine 7) The networks are connected to big companies like AT&T, as well as to home computers. About 1,000 networks join each month. Every computer that is attached to the Internet is called a host. Hosts can be super computers with thousands of users, regular PC's with only a couple of users, or specialized computers, like routers that connect networks together or to terminal servers that let terminals dial in and connect to other hosts. Each computer has its own host number. Being computers, the kind of numbers hosts like are 32-bit binary numbers. (Hayden 32) Here is an example of a binary number: 1011010010010100100100101000 Binary numbers are easier to remember by breaking them up into eight 4-bit groups. Then each group is translated into it's Hexadecimal equivalent. (Levine 18) So the number above would translate into this: B.49.49.28 This number is easier to use and remember. Every four digits in the binary number stands for one hexadecimal number. Below is a list of each four binary numbers and its hexadecimal equivalent. To figure out the binary number in the example into its Hex equivalent is in this way: 1011 is the first four digits of the binary number. Looking at the table, it can be determined that its hexadecimal equivalent is a B. The second set of four binary numbers is 0100. That changes into 4 and so on. The first four numbers of a host number tells you what class the network is. The chart bellow states classes and sizes: Class First Number Length of First No Max No of Hosts A 1-126 1 16,387,064 B 128-191 2 64,516 C 192-223 3 254 Big companies like IBM and Apple usually have class A networks. For example, IBM has network 9, and AT&T has network 12, so a host number 9.12.34.56 would be at IBM, and 12.98.76.54 would be at AT&T. (Levine 19) Medium sized companies and universities have class B networks. Rutgers University has network 128.6 and Goldman Sachs has network 138.8 (Levine 19) Small organizations use class C networks. Network 192.65.175, for example, is used by a single IBM research lab. To make it easier the Internet uses names, not numbers. For example, the machine we have heretofore referred to as 140.186.81.1 is named chico. (Levine 21) When ARPANET first came out, they had simple names; the machine at Harvard was called HARVARD. But since there are millions of names on the Net they had trouble coming up with different names. To avoid this problem they created the Domain Name System (DNS). Host names are strings of words separated with dots. For example,